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…recusaram a abandonar sua competência da alma diante de governantes. De várias formas, o Novo Testamento afirma a competência da alma. Jesus tinha como certo que os indivíduos tinham competência dada por Deus para decidir segui-lo ou não. Ele disse que as pessoas eram livres para acreditar ou não acreditar mas ficavam responsáveis por suas escolhas (João 3.16-21). Alguns acreditaram e o seguiram, mas outros não (Mateus 19.16-22). Jesus nunca coagiu ou forçou pessoas a segui-lo e nunca violou a competência da alma dos indivíduos. Os escritores do Novo Testamento apresentaram o conceito de competência da alma consistentemente. Por exemplo, o apóstolo Paulo escreveu, “Pois por que a minha liberdade deve ser julgada pela consciência dos outros?” (I Co 10.29). E alegou aos gálatas, “Foi para liberdade que Cristo nos libertou” (Gálatas 5.1). Além disso, líderes das igrejas do Novo Testamento criaram esse padrão de competência da alma. Eles nunca forçaram ninguém a seguir Jesus como Senhor e Salvador. Na verdade, eles resistiram autoridades religiosas e governamentais que tentaram forçá-los a não aceditar e falar em nome de Jesus (Atos 5.17-42). Ataques à competência da alma O conceito de competência da alma tem sofrido ataques por diversas razões. Algumas pessoas…

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…of salvation in Christ is voluntary. Faith cannot be coerced. Salvation results only from a faith response to God’s grace gift of the Lord Jesus Christ (Ephesians 2:8-10). No one can make this commitment for another. No one can force such a commitment from another. Baptism is a symbol that a person has made a voluntary commitment to Christ as Savior and Lord. The New Testament reveals that baptism never should be coerced but always should be voluntary as a symbol of a person’s having freely followed Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. A person’s decision to become part of a church also ought to be voluntary. According to the New Testament, only persons who have voluntarily believed in Jesus are to be members of a church. Furthermore, no one should be forced to be a member of a church. Financial support of a church ought to be voluntary. The voluntary tithes and offerings of the members, not money from taxation, are to finance a church. The voluntary nature of churches applies also to the relationship of churches to each other and to other parts of the Baptist denomination. Each church is autonomous and as such is free under the…

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« Ils ont, je l’atteste, donné volontairement selon leurs moyens, et même au delà de leurs moyens, nous demandant avec de grandes instances la grâce de prendre part à l’assistance destinée aux saints. 2 Corinthiens 8:3-4 (LSG) Les baptistes croient que selon l’enseignement de la Bible, les églises devraient être autonomes, c’est-à-dire indépendantes de tout contrôle extérieur par des individus ou des groupes. Les baptistes croient également que la Bible impose aux chrétiens de s’impliquer dans les missions, en exécutant le commandement du Christ de diffuser l’évangile auprès du monde entier. Une seule congrégation, quelle que soit sa taille, ne peut pas remplir le commandement du Seigneur de manière adéquate. Les premiers baptistes ont donc été confrontés à un dilemme majeur : comment des congrégations indépendantes pourraient-elles accomplir le commandement du Christ de porter l’évangile au monde entier sans former une sorte de connexion entre les églises qui pourrait éventuellement miner leur autonomie ? Après des décennies de délibérations dans la prière, les baptistes ont déterminé que la réponse à cette question était la « coopération volontaire » entre les baptistes individuels et les églises baptistes. L’homme d’État baptiste James L. Sullivan l’a décrit comme une « corde de sable…

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…communion avec d’autres chrétiens. La vie chrétienne a été conçue non pas comme une entreprise individuelle mais comme une expérience de communion, l’église étant la principale communion. Le concept néotestamentaire d’église se concentre sur un corps local de croyants baptisés en Christ. Toutefois, dans quelques passages du Nouveau Testament, le mot « église » désigne également les rachetés de tous les temps (Matthieu 16:18 ; Éphésiens 5:23-32 ; Colossiens 1:18). Bien que les baptistes croient que l’adhésion à l’église ne devrait inclure que les rachetés en Christ, ils encouragent et accueillent toutes les personnes à participer aux diverses activités de l’église. Par exemple, les services de culte, les études bibliques et les événements ministériels sont ouverts à tous. Pourquoi seuls les croyants devraient-ils être membres d’une église ? Pour les baptistes, la Bible est la seule autorité écrite pour la foi et la pratique. Les baptistes croient que la Bible enseigne que seules les personnes nées de nouveau devraient être membres d’une église. Cette nouvelle naissance ne s’obtient pas en récitant simplement des faits sur Jésus, mais par une expérience authentique de foi en lui (Jean 3:1-21). Le Nouveau Testament parle d’une église comme étant composée de personnes qui ont…

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…de l’église. Un tel manque de participation crée un vide, permettant à ceux qui sont prêts à participer de contrôler la vie de l’église. Un autre facteur fondamental du manque de véritable gouvernance congrégationaliste est peut-être que beaucoup de gens ne comprennent tout simplement pas comment elle fonctionne. Le manque d’éducation sur les croyances et la politique baptistes a laissé de nombreuses personnes avec une connaissance limitée du comment et du pourquoi de cette gouvernance congrégationaliste. Pourquoi la gouvernance de la congrégation est importante Une autre raison pour laquelle les croyants ne font pas l’effort de voir qu’une gouvernance congrégationaliste fonctionne dans l’église est qu’elles ne le trouvent pas réellement important. Cependant la gouvernance congrégationaliste est extrêmement importante. La gouvernance de la congrégation est importante car elle en dit long sur les croyances fondamentales de l’église. À ce titre, ne pas respecter l’enseignement que nous avons compris de la Bible au sujet de la politique remet en question notre engagement envers l’autorité de la parole de Dieu. L’absence de gouvernance congrégationaliste peut également démontrer qu’une église n’est pas attachée à la compétence de l’âme et au sacerdoce des croyants ; le fait qu’une personne ou une poignée de personnes gouverne…

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…ou ela tem a oportunidade e responsabilidade de tomar decisões que concernem a igreja debaixo do senhorio de Cristo. Esse é o modelo neo testamentário de uma igreja. Pessoas tomam decisões relacionadas a igreja a qual pertencem, como quem serão os diáconos e o pastor, como os dízimos e ofertas serão gastos e que tipo de edifício irão ocupar. Cada uma dessas decisões deve ser tomada à luz do fato de Jesus ser o Senhor da igreja. Ainda, todos os membros do corpo de Cristo são responsáveis pelas decisões da igreja. Não há hierarquia na igreja do Novo Testamento. Nenhum pastor, corpo diaconal ou qualquer indivíduo ou grupo é Senhor da igreja (I Pedro 5.3). Só Jesus é Senhor, de cada pessoa e da igreja. Através da oração e diálogo respeitoso, como parte de uma comunhão de amor, ou membros da igreja devem buscar ter a mente de Cristo. Em resumo O Senhorio de Cristo é uma doutrina cristã básica. Para os batistas, tem um significado especial e está relacionado com outras crenças-chave dos batistas, tais como: a autoridade da Bíblia, a liberdade de consciência, a liberdade religiosa e como deve ser uma igreja moldada pelo padrão do Novo Testamento….

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…chamada por Deus, através do Espírito Santo, para o ministério, se ela dá provas das quealificações bíblicas para o ofício e demonstra que tem os dons necessários para um ministério pastoral efetivo, a igreja prossegue com a ordenação. Distintivos batistas com relação a pastores e diáconos A política batista em relação a pastores e diáconos se relaciona com outras diferenças batistas. Por exemplo, a Bíblia é autoridade de fé e prática para os batistas. Batistas interpretam que a bíblica fala que existem dois ofícios no Novo Testamento: pastor e diácono. A Bíblia ensina que todos que creem em Jesus Cristo como Senhor e Salvador são sacerdotes com acesso direto a Deus (I Pedro 2.5; Apocalipse 1.6, 5.10). Não há necessidade de uma classe sacerdotal especial (Hebreus 8-10). Então, batistas não usam o termo “sacerdote” quando se referem ao pastor, nem consideram o pastor como uma função sacerdotal, mediando entre eles e Deus. Os batistas acreditam que os conceitos bíblicos de sacerdócio de todos os crentes e competência da alma não enfraquecem a importância do papel do pastor. Embora todos os crentes sacerdotes sejam iguais, alguns são chamados por Deus e selecionados pela igreja para serem pastores líderes. Os crentes não…

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…as Lord taught the importance of ministry. He declared to his disciples, “By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another” (John 13:35). When asked what the great commandment of the Law was, he answered that it was twofold: love for God and love for neighbor (Matthew 22:37-40). Love for neighbor, Jesus indicated, is lived out in acts of mercy meeting need. He declared that a basis for eternal judgment of life is how well each person has met the needs of others (Matthew 25:31-46). Baptists are committed to the authority of the Bible for faith and practice. The Bible makes clear the importance of ministry to total human need. The Bible teaches that we are to love not just with words but with deeds of compassion (1 John 3:17-18). The New Testament records how the earliest churches did just that. Baptists believe salvation comes only by a faith response to the grace gift of God in Jesus Christ. We are not saved by good works but by faith. However, salvation is to result in good works: “We are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works” (Ephesians 2:10). “Faith…

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…faith. The Baptist devotion to religious freedom is closely related to other biblical truths that comprise the Baptist mosaic of beliefs and practices. Freedom is an integral part of these. • Freedom to follow Christ. The Bible reveals that Jesus as Lord calls for people to follow him (Matthew 7:21-27; 16:24-25). This followship, however, is to be voluntary, never coerced. Furthermore, people should be free to follow Christ, not prevented by any church or government. Salvation in Christ is by a faith response to God’s grace gift of his Son (Ephesians 2:8-10). The freedom to proclaim, hear and respond to this good news ought never to be curtailed. • Freedom to read and interpret the Bible. The Bible is authoritative for faith and practice. Baptists insist that each person who responds by faith in Christ becomes a believer priest with a God-given competency to understand and apply the Bible with guidance from the Holy Spirit. Neither church nor government officials ought to obstruct Bible study nor dictate what the Bible teaches. Each person should be free to do that for herself or himself. • Freedom to be baptized. Baptists insist that baptism ought to be administered only to someone who…

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…authority over another. Actions taken by a nationwide Baptist convention, for example, have no authority over Baptist state bodies, associations or churches. Similarly, a church has no authority over an association or convention. Furthermore, associations and conventions, being autonomous, have the right to determine who will be accepted or seated as messengers and to decide which other Baptist organizations they will relate to and which they will not. Some Issues Related to Baptist Autonomy Even when the basic concept of Baptist autonomy is understood, the application of autonomy in the complexity of Baptist organized life is not always clear. When Baptist life was primarily comprised of small congregations of baptized believers, autonomy was a relatively simple matter. As Baptist associations, societies, state and national conventions and institutions of various kinds have evolved as part of Baptist life, autonomy issues are not quite as simple as they once were. For example, questions exist concerning the autonomy of Baptist institutions, such as universities, aging and child care entities and medical centers. If all or a portion of the trustees of a Baptist institution are elected by another Baptist entity, such as a state or national convention, what autonomy does the institution have?…

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